新的EB-5规则要求投资者谨慎行事

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10月11日,负责监督移民的美国联邦机构美国公民及移民服务局(USCIS)发布了期待已久的美国投资居留计划EB-5所需的投资期限(称为 “维持期”)指南。

该指导方针指出,投资者可能在投资短短两年后收回所需的80万美元资本。尽管EB-5领域的许多人一直在等待移民局澄清维持期要求,但10月11日移民局的政策留下了许多悬而未决的问题,包括该指南本身是否是根据美国法律要求的适当程序发布的。

《官方规约》


随着2022年3月15日《2022年EB-5改革和诚信法案》(“RIA)” 的通过,有关EB-5的官方法规已更新。与管理任何官方法规的联邦机构一样,移民局必须根据禁止的程序制定正式法规。只有在正式的规则制定程序(需要公共通知和评论程序)之后,法规才会成为管理法律的规则。

尽管EB-5计划的参与者一直在要求USCIS发布指导和法规,但尚不清楚USCIS是否具有修改现有规则的法律权力,除非遵守规则制定程序。在可以将现行法规理解为符合新法规的情况下,例如维持期,尤其如此。

混乱的原因


造成这种混乱的原因是新法律本身的法定措辞。法律要求潜在移民的投资 “预计将持续投资不少于2年”。对EB-5法律中关于 “取消条件” 或投资者持有永久绿卡的部分进行了编辑,删除了投资者 “维持” 投资的具体措辞。但是,取消条件部分允许投资者在最初的两年有条件居留期限之外还有一年的时间来证明他们只有在保持资本投资的情况下才能创造就业机会。

移民局口译


美国公民及移民服务局似乎将这两项条款解释为只需要两年的积极投资。移民局进一步要求将初始投资保留在初始项目中,直到创造足够的就业机会为止。但是,新法律还规定,如果在投资者有资格偿还初始投资之前偿还了初始投资,则可以进行 “重新部署”。

继续投资或重新部署


如果初始投资必须满足最低维持期和创造就业机会的要求,那么要求重新部署资本是不合逻辑的。如果法律允许在更长的时间内继续投资以证明创造就业机会,那么在短短两年后提取资本的能力似乎是不合逻辑的。当全面阅读RIA时,新的USCIS指南似乎站不住脚。

投资时间表已定义


两年投资时间表何时开始的问题也没有答案。移民局的指导方针指出,开始日期是 “向创造就业机会的实体提供全部投资” 的日期。这是EB-5的钱花掉的时候吗?贷款何时到期,但尚未融资?创造就业机会的实体可以存入EB-5资金而不使用吗?过桥融资如何影响这种计算?这些都是未解答的问题。

构建 EB-5


总之,EB-5项目发起人必须负责任地构建EB-5工具,EB-5投资者不应急于达成承诺在两年内返还资金的协议。目前,在EB-5资金全部转移到JCE/借款人之后,将EB-5对初始项目的投资维持至少两年似乎是最安全的。投资者应随时了解有关维持期的持续发展,因为将来法院或移民局的政策中肯定会再次出现这个问题。更重要的是,无论规则有何变化,EB-5投资者都必须彻底评估潜在投资的金融和移民风险。

要了解有关 EB-5 签证计划Peachtree的EB-5产品,联系 agreene@peachtreegroup.com

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Considering the EB-5 visa program but don't have the full $800,000 investment? An EB5 loan could be an option to fund your investment.

If you're considering the EB-5 visa program but don't have the full $800,000 investment amount readily available, you may be wondering: can you use an EB5 loan to fund your investment? The answer is yes, but there are important requirements and considerations to understand.

The 2022 Law Change Made EB5 Loans Clear

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What USCIS Needs to See for EB-5 Loans

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Valid EB-5 Loan Sources

Several loan types can work for EB-5 investments:

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"Any of these loans is valid as long as there is a legally enforceable loan agreement and you can establish that the funds that you get from the loan were sourced legitimately," Greene explains.

Key Risks to Avoid

The biggest red flag is attempting to circumvent source of funds requirements. "If you're trying to do something cute or tricky or something that just makes it easier to document your source of funds, you violate the spirit of the EB-5 law and you will have a high risk of I-526E denial.," warns Greene.

Other risks include:

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Peachtree Group's EB-5 Loan Solution

Recognizing the complexities of EB-5 loan documentation, Peachtree Group has created an affiliated lender that provides loans specifically for EB-5 investors. This program offers several advantages:

Unsecured Loan Structure: "We have an affiliated lender that actually will provide a loan to an investor that doesn't have a formal security agreement against the assets of the borrower," Greene explains. This eliminates potential complications with the immigration service regarding security interests in the EB-5 investment itself.

Flexible Repayment Terms: The loan doesn't need to be repaid for up to five years from origination. "It's very possible or even likely that their EB-5 investment may be repaid within those five years," Greene notes, meaning investors might use their returned EB-5 capital to repay the loan. Of course, EB-5 investors would remain personally liable for any shortfall in repayment proceeds, which is required to satisfy the “at-risk” requirements of the EB-5 program.

Streamlined Source of Funds: Since the affiliate lender sources funds from a US chartered bank, the documentation process is simplified. "We are able to prove that we funded off a bank line and therefore that should be sufficient for source of funds," Greene explains.

Clear Risk Structure: Investors who use $400,000 of their own funds plus a $400,000 loan are "at risk for $800,000,"satisfying USCIS requirements while providing financing flexibility.

The Bottom Line

"Loans are allowed under the new law unambiguously; it’s written in the text of the law," Greene emphasizes.

Success requires careful planning and proper documentation. The loan must represent genuine risk to the investor, and all source of funds requirements must be met.

Peachtree Group's affiliated lending program is designed to navigate these requirements while providing investors with flexible financing options. Before proceeding with any EB-5 loan structure, consult with an experienced immigration attorney to ensure compliance and avoid potential complications during the adjudication process.

 

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The 10.7-acre site at 303 301 Boulevard West sits in Manatee County, one of Florida’s fastest-growing areas. The location offers access to major employers, top healthcare centers and leisure destinations, including Siesta Key Beach, ranked among the nation’s best.

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In a recent episode of the Peachtree Point of View podcast, Greg Friedman, CEO of Peachtree Group, sits down with Adam Greene, who heads the company's EB-5 program. Their conversation reveals how this unique financing mechanism can stimulate economic growth and job-creation while producing competitive advantages for commercial real estate investments.

For Peachtree Group investors, understanding EB-5 provides insight into how the firm enhances investment returns. The program works by connecting foreign nationals seeking U.S. green cards with development projects that need capital. These foreign investors contribute a minimum of $800,000 to qualifying projects that create U.S. jobs, and in exchange, they and their families receive a pathway to permanent residency.

The EB-5 capital typically comes at a lower cost than traditional financing sources, as foreign investors are primarily motivated by immigration benefits rather than financial returns. This allows Peachtree to replace more expensive layers of the capital stack with this efficient capital, potentially improving overall project economics.

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The podcast highlights a recent $25 million Home2 Suites hotel in Boone, North Carolina as an example. Located in a rural area qualifying for the $800,000 EB-5 investment threshold, the project successfully incorporated EB-5 capital to enhance its financial structure.

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  • Risk Mitigation: Peachtree's approach eliminates the funding uncertainty typically associated with EB-5 by fully underwriting projects upfront, ensuring deal execution regardless of EB-5 raise timing.
  • Competitive Advantage: In today's tight lending environment, access to this alternative capital source provides Peachtree projects with a meaningful edge in deal structuring.
  • Job Creation: EB-5 allows worthy, job-creating projects to obtain capital to get done, but only if they prove the extra benefit of job creation for their local economies.
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Listen to the full episode of Peachtree Point of View to gain deeper insights into how Peachtree leverages EB-5 financing to optimize returns on commercial real estate investments. Follow Peachtree Point of View on your favorite podcast platform for more strategic conversations on investment opportunities and financing innovations.